It should be possible to know by observation of the finished system/product that the requirement has been met. goods or service must perform. %PDF-1.2 Specifications can be prepared in a When all deviations and omissions are eliminated, the implementation conforms to the specification. criteria for the purpose of qualifying the bid document. What are the purpose of specification in procurement? Similarly, validation cannot exist without a test suite, but a test suite can exits without validation. The responsible party has the option to use the certification procedure in place of the SDoC procedure. 0000066233 00000 n 0000003930 00000 n number of ways. legitimate needs. The responsible party, who must be located in the United States, is not required to file an equipment authorization application with the Commission or a TCB. On the one hand, a conformance certificate (or a claim of conformance) might only state that an implementation had been tested to completion, and provide a list of the errors that were found. Give examples of conformance specification. Brand-name-or-equal specifications have a specifications, and ensuring clarity of language with jargon or 0000002922 00000 n Therefore, a CoC (whereby the blade manufacturer writes that the blades conform to specific checklists) must be provided. Conformance Specification (Technical) which focuses on inputs and provides specific details of what the product/service should consist of, and how the product should be manufactured as well as what materials and process should be followed. For example, statements indicating that an implementation "shall," "should," or "may" implement a certain feature. Certain countries request a CoC for certain categories of imported products. (b) Semiconductor devices and microcircuits not procured under a military specification shall be The difference between the performance dimension and the conformance dimension is that the former is more forward-looking and the later backward-looking. Here is one example. The test suites are available athttp://xw2k.nist.gov/xml/index.html. This button displays the currently selected search type. Alternatively, each profile could have its own set of levels. Does it come from a particularly influential stake-holder? 0000001477 00000 n product has to be specially made to meet the purchaser's unique competition consistent with seeking overall economy for the characteristics of the item desired. of Procurement has approved the use. a. specifications must explain in detail the results How To Manufacture A Product In China (without losing your shirt)? It is the basis of all offers and therefore the foundation for a contract. Comprehensive Procurement Guidelines When BioPreferred and CPG are both required, the agency shall purchase the item that meets the CPG requirements (per FAR 23.405 Procedures (c) and Farm Security and Rural Investment Act, Section 9002 (b)). Examples of conformance specification are: In this case the buyer simply explains problems the product should solve and the supplier provides such. This test suite has been used on a variety of XML processors, and results have been published on XML.com. It's important to have several calls/meetings with the requesting department to get more clarity about their needs, ask them to get piece of paper and write on it what they need whatever they can write! 1.1 This specification covers the fabrication and supply of bare overhead transmission line conductors. Three of the test suites that are being developed are: XML Test Suite - The XML test suite for XML processors contains over 2000 test files and an associated test report. Chartered MCIPS. Java and all Java based marks are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc., in the United States and other countries. Requirements Work that matches what was requested in requirements. This button displays the currently selected search type. Here's why. A locked padlock product is to be put together. If you are required to submit your First Article Inspection reports Raytheon per PO flow down (example: QNote DX) you . award at the lowest possible cost. If errors are found, one can correctly deduce that the implementation does not conform to the specification; however, the absence of errors does not necessarily imply the converse. A QPL is establish a QPL must list the products that have been It would then be up to a purchaser to decide the criteria (how many or what kinds of errors) it wishes to use to make implementations eligible for purchase. Any other brands or models Factors that determine you to choose conformance specification. 2 What are the types of specification in procurement? The procurement function generally acts as the middle-man between the customer whether it be internal or external and suppliers. b. 0000008579 00000 n specification, having been used historically in public An XSL stylesheet is used to generate an XML Conformance Test Report, which includes background information on conformance testing for XML and information that is useful in determining that each test is traceable back to the Recommendation. a. ! be as non-restrictive as practicable, consistent with satisfying 1. Extensions shall not re-define semantics for existing functions, Extensions shall not cause standard-conforming functions (i.e., functions that do not use the extensions) to execute incorrectly, The mechanism for determining application conformance and the extensions shall be clearly described in the documentation, and the extensions shall be marked as such. Sample 1 Sample 2 There are two main types of specification when contracting namely: With this type of specification the buyer says what they want and how they want it and the supplier has to meet this. programs and staff activities. The CoC is sometimes called Certificate of Conformance or Certificate of Compliance. 0000006359 00000 n For example, stating that "The system shall be user-friendly" is a completley ambiguous requirement, since the meaning of "user-friendly" is left up to the interpreter. It is best practice to ensure that suppliers are contractually required to provide line item spend details. Quality Assurance, Product Development, and Purchasing Strategies in China. characteristic of equipment, materials and supplies. There are two types of specifications, Design and Performance. Correct implementation and utilization of standards leads to portability and interoperability. It is possible for a standard to have both profiles and levels defined for the entire specification (i.e., an implementer could choose to implement any one of (number of profiles) x (number of levels) subsets). An example would be a recipe for a food . The work is accomplished under the auspices of OASIS Technical Subcommittees, with contributions from OASIS member companies and in close coordination with the appropriate W3C Working Groups. Since the purposes for The decision to establish a program is based on the risk of nonconformance versus the costs of creating and running a program. If you cant describe what your organization need on piece of paper then imagine how suppliers can understand your needs, then quote/propose the right solution for it. XML Test Suite is available from the NIST web site, http://xw2k.nist.gov/xml/index.html. The main reason a CoC is required at customs is to prove a product that the product being imported meets the required standard(s). This more common approach usually includes some additional, more specific, requirements in the conformance clause, along the lines of: One approach that has been used successfully is to have a register for extensions. 8 What does it mean to have a conformance clause? 0000004999 00000 n Supplier Resources. Lets take an example. The advantages afforded by testing (and certification) are fairly obvious: quality products, interoperability, and competitive markets with more choices. A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States. What are the characteristics of a good specification in procurement? Typically, the sponsor establishes and maintains the program. determine equivalency. Levels are nested subsets of the specifications. Bidders offering an equal Lets Start by looking at a Procurement functions relationship with Specifications. and others may require laboratory tests. A test suite, which is a combination of test software, test procedures and test documentation, is used to check an implementation for conformance to a specification. When a requisition does not include an existing standard, specification or purchase description, which the contracting officer considers . We are not lawyers. While actual testing (1st or 3rd party testing) and certification (branding) can be carried out by various organizations, it is essential that there be a centralized sponsor or owner of the conformance testing program. `d 0@90@AA= .5@2:6: 12@7 KK;+MD 4p$? k9S:>P("hb YUE#5K>,46SCL- There is sometimes confusion between the two terms, however, in most cases, these two terms mean exactly the same thing and often comes down to the personal preference of the company that needs the certificate. This is usually in a conformance clause or conformance statement, but sometimes some of the criteria can be found in the body of the specification. Greater share of specification risk is borne by the supplier. stream This safe guard protects both the Buyer and the Customer (internal or external). For any . You must translate the EU declaration of conformity into the language or languages required by the EU country in which your product is sold. 0000004431 00000 n Marketing teams and customers view quality in terms of satisfying customer needs and meeting customer expectations. Good thoughts Diaa..Performance specifications focuses on supplier partnership. Not all specifications or standards need a testing program. >> The overall purpose of a They can then make any necessary corrections to allow the implementation to conform. The suite may be a set of programs, a set of instructions for manual action, or another appropriate alternative. The rationale for this is to be able to acknowledge all the implementations tested, but "reward" those implementations that "get it 100% correct". This is costly because much work may have already been done which did not take into consideration and may exclude meeting the later requirements. The test suite will focus on XSL transformations (XSLT) and XML Path Language (XPath). Conformance with Specification. requires something unique, to be custom made or custom built, as this sense means that the specification concentrates on how the EA performed this assessment at the UPF construction site from January 7 to 10, 2019. In my opinion, as the data requirements on projects become more complex and we strive for more collaboration, it is crucial that everyone has the same basis of project requirements, and this makes specifications as essential now as they have ever been. 1. Identify minimum requirements, (2) allow for a competitive bid, Identification of any third-party laboratory on whos testing the certificate depends: Provide the name, full mailing address, and telephone number of the third-party laboratory. required, testing methods, and characteristics that the 2) Actions - related to things such as functions, processes, ,procedures, services, performance. 9 What are the types of specifications when contracting? [1] Gartner Group, a Stamford, CT based consulting company, [2] ISO/IEC Guide 2:1996, Standardization and Related Activities General Vocabulary, Webmaster | Contact Us | Our Other Offices, Created September 8, 2010, Updated August 25, 2016, Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP). When validation is coupled with certification, successful completion of conformance testing results in the issuance of a certificate (or brand) indicating that the implementation conforms to the appropriate specification. When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. Any mention of commercial products or reference to commercial organizations is for information only; it does not imply recommendation or endorsement by NIST nor does it imply that the products mentioned are necessarily the best available for the purpose. a. Official websites use .gov The prevailing style of management conditions people to "conformance to specification" as the aim, writes Nigel Clements. 2. In contraast, see Performance or Functional Specifications . These cast blades have to be x-ray checked to ensure no voids or cracks are evident. items regularly available in the market place, as is Sometimes, its really challenging to collect/get what your organization need .. even after sending the Tender/RFQ package, suppliers sometimes come back to you and comment Its not really clear for us whats required ? 0000003961 00000 n ^O{f 0jlrG11lgjcBR8LLQ4Ms7Irl;%oOA?CECpd@{m1MS]81W_4;O,Wmw@:5(h1f up/}u,2 Et8ALC%Z7 #fc[,:RC oA_"IFWS.fL' rx0!% ^r2;u,{0rd@Ty !A34AEnKZX+1 n/o By signing the DoC you takefull responsibilityfor your products compliance with the applicable EU law. by vendors to add products to the QPL. In essence this is less rigid than conformance specification. Date and place where the product was manufactured. ISO/IEC Guide 2[2] defines conformance (also referred to as conformity) as the fulfillment of a product, process, or service of specified requirements. BRAND-NAME-OR-EQUAL SPECIFICATIONS: A purpose intended. @hA hbF`h`. SPECIFICATION DEFINITIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS. what cost. Note: it is still possible to see a CoC for importing into the EU here is an example onthis websitefor a medical device. Interoperability is defined as the capability of two or more systems to exchange and use information. These criteria may or may not require implementations to pass 100% of the specifications. more interested in how it performs, how well it performs, and at However, this is generally impossible for implementations of nontrivial specifications that are written in a natural language. Conformance to specification means to meet the regulatory requirements; Customer needs means to meet the customer reasonable specific requirements. MIL-PRF- 19500 (Semiconductors), or MIL-PRF-38535 (Microcircuits)] referenced in the contract. Product List (QPL). For software specifications it is the software that has 'implemented' the specification. Examples of conformance specification; Often a hybrid of these is appropriate -- i.e., issuing a certificate for a longer period of time (say 2 years) if no errors are found and for a shorter period (say 1 year) if there are errors. It, in turn, refers to other parts of the standard. For example, some testing programs may require a very formal testing and certification approach using an independent (i.e., third party), nationally accredited testing laboratory while other programs may be more appropriate for self declaration and demonstration testing. An airline buys fan blades for their planes engines. PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS: The terms DEFINITIONS 2.1 Centroidal Area. Examples of certifying organizations include consortia, trade associations, standards groups, or government agencies. Give examples of performance specification. Equipment that only contains digital circuitry (does not contain a radio transmitter) such as computer peripherals, microwave ovens consumer ISM equipment, switching power supplies, LED light bulbs, radio receivers and TV interface devices are subject to approval using the SDoC procedure or may optionally use the certification procedure. However, Here, you may receive totally different proposals which includes totally different solutions, however all of them may be accepted as they all will be achieving the required performance. This type of testing is called conformance testing. 0000005716 00000 n It is not sufficient to have this paper, of course. A conformance clause is a section of a specification that states all the requirements or criteria that must be satisfied to claim conformance to the specification. Thus, the tests when executed on the implementation under test will generate a pass/fail condition. ", Webmaster | Contact Us | Our Other Offices, Created September 8, 2010, Updated August 25, 2016, Manufacturing Extension Partnership (MEP), conformity - fulfillment of a product, process or service of specified requirements. This is the official blog of Sofeast.com. Please tell me by leaving a comment. QUALIFIED PRODUCT LIST (QPL): A When you get into a Commercial agreement (contract), you are simply intending that the law enforce whatever it is that you as a party in that contract desire. described fully to include thickness, size, color, etc. A lock ( 0000007164 00000 n A testing laboratory can be an organization or individual, and can either be accredited from a formal accreditation organization such as NIST's National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) or recognized by the buyer, seller, and certificate issuer, as qualified to perform the testing. Generally, there are two main types of specification, conformance and performance Conformance specification; In this case the buyer details exactly what the product must have, as in what they want the product to be like!. a. 0000066380 00000 n A conformance clause is a section of a specification that states all the requirements or criteria that must be satisfied to claim conformance to the specification. A reference implementation has maximum value in the early stages of a conformance program. Although conformance testing is not a guarantee for interoperability, it is an essential step towards achieving interoperability. When there is enough time to assess the functionality of the product as proposed, Confirm Sign Up via the Email you provided, Get WEEKLY updates on Business, Finance & Legal aspects, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), CIPS L5M4 Advanced Contract and Financial Management, CIPS LEVEL 3 ADVANCED CERTIFICATE IN PROCUREMENT AND SUPPLY OPERATIONS, Cips level 4 DIPLOMA IN PROCUREMENT AND SUPPLY, Legal aspects in entrepreneurship (Mini EBook), Pricing arrangements in commercial agreements, Proposing solutions to customers problems, WELCOME TO THE ZERITE NETWORK TAX TRAINING PROGRAM, The efficacy of specifications does not depend on technical knowledge of the buyer, Supplier can use their creativity to develop the products. 0000005022 00000 n Operational teams view quality in terms of conformance to specifications. The decision to issue a certificate is based on the testing results and established criteria for issuing certificates. Performance decision-centered view, as the name suggests, are decisions. DOM Test Suite - NIST has developed a comprehensive set of tests that will check for compliance with the Document Object Model (DOM) Level 1 Recommendation. DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS: Design $*5QG)+cX3x bidders offering products other than specified obtain Typically, the decision to establish a testing program is based on weighing the benefits achieved by obtaining conformance versus the costs of creating and running a validation and certification program. Buyer requires conformance to the Specification. Product to be packed in this carton box is Shampoo bottles, dimension of 1 bottle is 180mm height x 50mm width & weight of one bottle is 50ml. If the criteria or requirements for conformance are not specified, there can be no conformance testing. It's easy to subscribe to our newsletter where you'll receive weekly updates for professional importers and manufacturers on better understanding, controlling, and improving manufacturing & supply chain in China, India, Vietnam, and beyond. should be limited and justified before solicitation. In 1991, ISO/IEC DIS 10641 defined conformance testing as "test to evaluate the adherence or non-adherence of a candidate implementation to a standard." 1.3 Upon request by the Owner, the Manufacturer at its expense shall provide, a This reflects the thinking of the "IOR School" (Insti- tute for Operational Research). These requirements are specified in a standard or specification as either part of a conformance clause or in the body of the specification. An official website of the United States government. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and the Organization for the Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS) are addressing XML-related interoperability issues by jointly developing test suites that are intended to complement the W3C Recommendations. Generally, the more critical the application, the more formal the testing. 20899 USA, Email: lisa.carnahan [at] nist.gov Tel: (301) 975-3362 FAX: (301) 948-6213, Prepared by Robin Cover for the The SGML/XML Web Page archive. For NIST's participation in XML/DOM conformance testing, see "XML-Based Technologies. Validation is the process of testing software for compliance with applicable specifications or standards. represents the kind of thinking in which architects and engineers The Java test suite contains over 200 tests and covers the fundamental and extended interfaces of the DOM Level 1 Recommendation. Therefore, the list of assertions should be as comprehensive as possible. Specifications can be attributed in two ways; 1) Attributes - related to things such as the part, component or raw material. The conformance testing policies and procedures should be spelled out before testing begins. The CoC is sometimes called Certificate of Conformance or Certificate of Compliance. Ideally, it would be nice to prove beyond any doubt that an implementation is correct, consistent, and complete. a specification should be written to encourage, not discourage, Some recent standards include, as official parts of the standard, lists of assertions. situations when the use of this specification is our only 0000007885 00000 n The sponsor has a fundamental interest in ensuring the success of the program. defined in the bid invitation. 0000005693 00000 n products, others may simply require that brands be tested under When expanded it provides a list of search options that will switch the search inputs to match the current selection. What we wrote above is based only on our understanding of the regulatory requirements. Applications often do not require all the features within a standard. The conformance clause of a specification is a high-level description of what is required of implementations. Dont forget that in order to affix the CE mark to your product and get the EU DoC you will need to create and submit the technical documentation that demonstrates that your product complies with EU regulations. A certificate issuing organization is responsible for issuing certificates for products determined to be conformant. should be put on notice that the criteria used to define They can also be selected from a drop down menu, executed and results displayed. Conformance test suites increases the probability that software products that claim to conform to a specification are implemented correctly. 3. Reference method tests and PEMS drift tests are conducted to determine conformance of the PEMS with the specification. Specifications sometimes need to address: Specifications may describe several different ways to accomplish its operation (e.g., a choice of file formats or codes). Sharing what is the required performance of this item without stating item details like (what is the required output of certain machine, which product will be manufactured by this required item, what is the challenge that company is facing & others).